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MCQ September 2026 (deadline: 19 November 2026)
| 1. | Which diagnostic criterion, established by the Immunology of Diabetes Society (IDS), is required for a diagnosis of LADA? |
| A. | Age of onset less than 30 years. |
| B. | BMI greater than 25 kg/m². |
| C. | Absence of insulin requirement for at least 6 months following diagnosis. |
| D. | Presence of at least three islet-cell autoantibodies. |
| E. | Family history of Type 2 DM in a first-degree relative. |
| 2. | What of the following is the most sensitive autoantibody marker for diagnosing LADA? |
| A. | Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD). |
| B. | Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO). |
| C. | Islet-specific zinc transporter isoform 8 (ZnT8). |
| D. | Protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2). |
| E. | Anti-insulin antibody. |
| 3. | Why should SGLT2 inhibitors generally be avoided in patients with suspected or confirmed LADA? |
| A. | They cause significant weight gain. |
| B. | They may mask signs of insulin deficiency and increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). |
| C. | They accelerate destruction of pancreatic β-cells. |
| D. | They cause high risk of hypoglycaemia when given with insulin. |
| E. | They have significant interaction with basal insulin in LADA patients. |
| 4. | What is the most common cause of paediatric cervical lymphadenopathy? |
| A. | Haematological malignancies. |
| B. | Viral infection. |
| C. | Bacterial infection. |
| D. | Tuberculosis. |
| E. | Neuroblastoma. |
| 5. | Which of the following is a red flag sign of paediatric cervical lymphadenopathy indicating the need for specialist referral? |
| A. | Firm to hard, fixed, matted, irregular, non-tender lymphadenopathy. |
| B. | Generalised lymphadenopathy with weight loss and night sweat. |
| C. | Lymph node persisting for over 6 weeks. |
| D. | Lymph node larger than 2 centimetres. |
| E. | All of the above. |
| 6. | A 5-year-old child presents with cervical lymphadenopathy following a recent upper respiratory tract infection. The cervical lymph nodes are soft, tender, and mobile. She has no systemic symptoms. What is the most appropriate management? |
| A. | Advise parents to monitor symptoms and arrange early follow-up in 2 weeks. |
| B. | Prescribe antibiotics for 1 week. |
| C. | Refer to paediatric specialist. |
| D. | Arrange ultrasound neck. |
| E. | Arrange chest X-ray. |
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